Archive for » 2008 «

Writing to Remember

Things have been pretty busy, but SenoritaRuth.com has been on my mind, and I want to make sure that I keep up with it, even if it has to be with small, off-topic posts like this one. I mean, I have a mil­lion great ideas that I even­tu­ally plan on fin­ish­ing up or start­ing, but there’s some­thing to be said about being a lit­tle spon­ta­neous and hon­est too. I mean, in the sense of writ­ing for the sake of actual com­mu­ni­ca­tion with read­ers. I have a hard time with you, reader, because I don’t know who you are, or if you even exist. I mean, I don’t know what it means to have read­ers. But what­ever, you’re only part of the rea­son why I write.
While I won’t go on and on here about writ­ing, because I don’t do nearly enough of it to war­rant me hav­ing a pub­lic opin­ion, I will say that I have a lot or writ­ing to do for school. I’m enjoy­ing the chal­lenge but feel­ing some intense pres­sure. This is all self-inflicted, have no doubt, and that helps me keep my whin­ing to a dull roar (quit yer bitchin’!).
I’m also try­ing to remain keenly aware of the real world around me. Spring is such a redeem­ing sea­son, and it’s very easy to take from the new growth and impe­tus in the form of metaphor to do the same. This year I’m bat­tling a huge amount of iner­tia; more, it feels like, than ever before. How­ever, regard­less of how far back I feel set, I’m pretty sure things are gonna end up okay. Hav­ing said that, a cou­ple of quick points.
If you want to hire me, I’m look­ing for a job. Writ­ing, edit­ing, teach­ing, I’m open to a num­ber of dif­fer­ent options. Don’t get me wrong, I’m apply­ing and offi­cially job-searching, but I don’t sup­pose there’s a rea­son to not men­tion it here as well. I’m down to do off-beat, quirky projects, tackle big orga­ni­za­tional tasks, or strike out on a research adven­ture. The only dif­fer­ence between now and then is that I’d like to get paid now too.
Sec­ondly, I’m really in need of a fris­bee part­ner. I know it’s a lot to ask, but I’ve started the Fris­bee Lovin Fix­ers on the Duke City Fix in hopes of start­ing up some sort of inter­est group. I’m think­ing Sun­day after­noons are gonna be a good time to get out of the house for an hour or two. I wish I was fast enough to be able to run and catch my own throw, but as it stands, I’m def­i­nitely gonna need fris­bee play­mates.
Well, it’s back to the grind. Glad I decided to do this. I have some awe­some sun­set pics to post from my favorite pirate, Ms. Brid­gette.
Also, I quizzed some of my friends for your ben­e­fit. If you’ve ever had ques­tions about school, work, and grow­ing up, then keep an eye out on how some of my col­leagues are makin it after high school, col­lege, or grad school. The paths are many, all filled with chal­lenges and the unex­pected twists and turns of life. Suf­fer­ing from sometimes-intense bouts of panic about life post-grad school, it’s nice to remem­ber that I’m not the first or the only ques­tion­ing my role in life and soci­ety. For­ward move­ment and excel­lence in effort are bound to land me where I need to be.

Last minute thoughts: still pon­der­ing the offer to do some sort of polit­i­cal right wing vs. left piece of web­lish­ing. Not sure how I feel about it yet. Part of me twitches with antic­i­pa­tion, but another part of me is wary of con­tribut­ing, on how­ever small a scale, to com­bat­ive or con­fronta­tional polit­i­cal dis­course. Maybe it sounds like I’m pussy­foot­ing, but at the same time I see lim­ited ben­e­fits in fram­ing infor­ma­tion like that. Sean, you’re gonna have to do me some con­vinc­ing if you want to do this thing. Like I said, I like the idea but it has to be con­struc­tive dia­log.

Mr. Draven and I are gonna get together to make some music. I’ve decided. It should be fun. This is a back­burner project but I fully intend to post what, if any­thing, we record.

Okay, now really back to impor­tant work. Peace out.

Señorita Ruth on: being Green

I’m get­ting tired of toss­ing stuff in the trash. Espe­cially as I raise a child, the guilt I feel when I toss out another plas­tic con­tainer or glass bot­tle is get­ting pretty unbear­able. So, what to do? There are sev­eral options to change your Car­bon Foot­print, even if solar pan­els are still out­side your price bracket. In addi­tion, there’s a slew of web­sites and books out there with valu­able insight into the lit­tle things (and big!) that we can do to change our impact from neg­a­tive to pos­i­tive. Fol­low­ing are some of the most acces­si­ble ways to alle­vi­ate waste and guilt.

Recy­cling: The City of Albu­querque will pick up your recy­clables road-side pro­vided you have them sep­a­rated and bagged appro­pri­ately. Alter­na­tively, they also offer 22 drop-off points through­out the metro area. As the years have gone by, the city has expanded their recy­cling reper­toire, now accept­ing all plas­tic bot­tles regard­less of num­ber, as well as plas­tics #s 1 and 2. This is in addi­tion to cor­ru­gated card­board, not chip­board (i.e. cereal boxes), alu­minum, and any and all house­hold paper, includ­ing the godaw­ful obnox­ious shiny paper of junk mail­ings. They won’t pick up glass for safety rea­sons, but you can drop that off at the recy­cling point near­est you. Over­all, recy­cling around here can be pretty effort­less, pro­vided you’re will­ing to build into your rou­tine the extra sev­eral min­utes a week it would take to make sure waste is sep­a­rated from reusable mate­r­ial. Like any good habit, this can be hard to incor­po­rate into our already packed lives, but as a mat­ter of pri­or­ity, it’s cer­tainly worth the effort to get the recy­clable mate­ri­als to the curb by 7 a.m. on trash day. A way to do this eas­ily is to sort trash from the get-go. You can re-purpose sev­eral trash­cans to do the dirty work, or you can find a solu­tion like this one to keep all your cans and bot­tles out of sight. Or hell, you can build it if you’re car­pen­try inclined. A cheap and handy can crusher can be wall-mounted and kept out of sight in the laun­dry room or garage. This will help you save space and effort, as you’ll have to put out your alu­minum recy­cling less often. If you use a sturdy card­board box to keep all your old news­pa­pers & junk mail­ings in, you can cut deep slits down the mid­dle of each side, lay out the twine ahead of time, and viola! An easy way to keep paper tidy and mess-free when tying it up for the recy­cling man!

I was talk­ing to a fel­low grad stu­dent here at UNM who also works in Oper­a­tions. He broke the news to me that UNM recy­cles only 30% of its paper and metal. Hav­ing worked in Admin­is­tra­tion here, I know that even with our exten­sive online sys­tems, stu­dents, fac­ulty and staff still gen­er­ate MASSIVE amounts of paper waste. When I think of all the Daily Lobos dis­carded through­out cam­pus, used up nap­kins from the Mer­cado, and the paper that paper reams come wrapped in (very meta), even 30% is a lot. Addi­tion­ally, he men­tioned to me that aside from recy­cling cop­per, UNM actu­ally loses money by recy­cling. It costs .12 more cents to recy­cle paper and most met­als than it does to toss all our trash in the local dumps. I find this sta­tis­tic wor­ri­some and a lit­tle con­found­ing. As he pointed out how­ever, the social cost we must pay for recy­cling will last for a long time before we start see­ing the ben­e­fits (as in, lesser cost to recy­cle than dump) of our actions. This, how­ever, should not dis­cour­age us from doing our share. In fact, it should light fire under our asses to get on the ball and keep using the sys­tems in place to recy­cle, as the only way to bring down these costs is to stan­dard­ize and mech­a­nize these streams of mate­r­ial. Inter­est­ingly, I also learned today that a lot of our recy­cling goes to China as raw mate­r­ial, to be returned to our coun­try later on as all the “Made in China” prod­ucts that lit­ter our homes and lives. Inter­est­ing stuff! So, keep recy­cling, or start if you haven’t already.

Reuse stuff at home: Com­ing from a fam­ily with a crafty mother, I’ve learned to look around and re-purpose stuff within my home. Like my mom, I’ve stopped throw­ing away Bueno Chile plas­tic con­tain­ers because they’re the per­fect size for a left­over side dish or extra grated cheese. The glass jars from my yummy Maranatha peanut but­ter are now used to store bulk raisins and nuts, which are bet­ter to buy because you’re not pay­ing (or wast­ing) new pack­ag­ing. You’re sav­ing money & mate­r­ial. It’s a no-lose sit­u­a­tion! How rare are those? Egg shells and cof­fee grounds have stopped going in the trash. Since I rent I’m reluc­tant to start the type of com­post pile my dad has been work­ing on for years. How­ever, grind­ing up eggshells and mix­ing them and cof­fee grounds into the soil of your house plants is an egg­cel­lent (awww!) way to reuse mate­ri­als, giv­ing directly back to the earth, and you’re able to enjoy the results directly. Recep­ta­cles, con­tain­ers, and tubs with lids are things we use every day in our lives. It shouldn’t mat­ter from whence they came, as long as they’re liv­ing out their work­ing lives serv­ing and sav­ing extra food, but­tons, or other small items.

Change your car habits: I know, I know. Eas­ier said than done, right? And here is where I con­fess a dirty, nasty secret. I live 5 min­utes away from UNM. I haven’t timed it walk­ing, but since I can get there in less time than it takes to play one of my favorite songs on my favorite dri­ving CD, I’m pretty sure that the walk­ing is less of a hard­ship and more of the good exer­cise I need any­way. My excuses include: I’m always late, I have a kid that needs a car seat, it’s cold, it’s hot, etc, etc. I have per­fectly good, ratio­nal ways to over­come each one of these obsta­cles, and yet here I am, typ­ing this at school and accu­mu­lat­ing a mas­sive park­ing struc­ture fee for the day. I read in a recent issue of the Alibi that Albu­querque was voted one of the cities best suited for bik­ing. It’s true! Our bike paths are exten­sive and fairly rider-friendly. My next big pur­chase will be a good, depend­able bicy­cle. Our tran­sit sys­tem needs some work before some of us can depend on it reg­u­larly (ever try to get from West­gate to Tramway?), but it already serves many Albu­querqueans well (my neigh­bor included, his car sits qui­etly in the yard most of the time, unmoved), and the Red and Blue Lines have done won­ders to expe­dite one’s jour­ney down Cen­tral Avenue.

In short, there are a mil­lion dif­fer­ent tiny things to do in our every­day lives that can cumu­la­tively help shift the tide of waste­ful exis­tence we’ve been born into. It’s not gonna hap­pen overnight, and being from a cul­ture that’s used to instant grat­i­fi­ca­tion and imme­di­ate results, this may be a lit­tle frus­trat­ing. How­ever, we’re all respon­si­ble for our­selves and each other, as well as the land we use for our ben­e­fit. While my inten­tion is not to sound the Holier-hippie-than-thou horn of green judg­ment, I want to encour­age every­one to take a bit of time to reflect on their use and usage. It’s a jour­ney, not an instant achieve­ment, which means we all have room for improve­ment.

Happy Earth Day!

Live stream from Philadelphia, PA

Live stream of the Demo­c­ra­tic Pri­mary debate can be found here: ABC Chan­nel 6.

Don’t let the typ­i­cal short atten­tion span and cyn­i­cism we use as an excuse for our anti-intellectualism deter you from engag­ing these top­ics again and again. It’s not com­fort­able, it’s not fun, but it’s impor­tant, and it’s the way to change things.

Engage. Involve. Develop an opin­ion and fol­low through with your vote in November.

GO OBAMA!

The James & Ernie Show

I’m sorry, but the recipe will have to wait. I just attended a per­for­mance of the James & Ernie Show in the UNM Ball­room. I offered my stu­dents extra credit to attend, and I’m so glad to have seen some of them there. It was bril­liant! I won’t do the show an injus­tice by try­ing to recap­ture it, but I will say this: if you get the chance to attend, do not pass it up. It’s a great way to cap­ture some of the nuances we may or may not be exposed to in the rest of our lives. Their take on the mul­ti­cul­tur­al­ism we expe­ri­ence daily.

Check them out online:

James and Ernie

And if you’re on Myspace, request to be their friend because they’re “tired of Tom being our only friend”:

Jame and Ernie Myspace

The Duke would be so proud!

Today’s blog post will be a recipe from Mamá‘s Kitchen, just in time for din­ner later on.

For now I just wanted to point you in the direc­tion of Duke City Fix.

When I started this blog (this last week­end), I wasn’t sure what the state of blog­ging was in our oasis of tech­nol­ogy. Now I know! Get your pro­file there and come say hi!

A warm wel­come by the cre­ator reminds me that this is a local, community-based effort, a social net­work worlds apart from Tom being your first friend on Myspace (I have one of those too, but you’ll have to work to find it if we’re not acquainted). I’m keen on jump­ing head­long into this effort.

Now, off to teach and learn. Stay tuned for Green Chile Stew later!

Señorita Ruth on: Benito Juárez

Tales from the Old Country

Every Mon­day I will regale you with sto­ries from the old coun­try, my beloved Mex­ico. This weekly effort was moti­vated by my reflec­tions on the his­tor­i­cal fig­ures I learned about in my short time in the Mex­i­can edu­ca­tional sys­tem. Since com­ing to the U.S. I’ve become iso­lated with many parts of my own his­tory and back­ground, and I hope to reestab­lish some con­nec­tion for myself and oth­ers who may also feel there are cer­tain aspects of their self-identity that are murky or miss­ing. For the rest of you, this is a les­son in inter­na­tional his­tory and context.

O~o~O

Mexican President Benito Juarez
Ben­ito Juárez: Zapotec lawyer and Pres­i­dent of Mex­ico, 1858 –1872

I imag­ine that the name Juárez con­jures up amongst my south­west­ern broth­ers and sis­ters assorted sor­did tales of a bor­der city where all your car­nal desires (and some not so desired) can come true. Tales of lost week­ends and lost free­dom in Mex­i­can jails have come my way since I was in high school. Not that I’m think­ing of any set in par­tic­u­lar *ahem NMSU*, but en masse migra­tions south of the bor­der to Ciu­dad Juárez dur­ing week­ends and breaks are not uncom­mon, and also not rec­om­mended, but we’ll save that for a future Col­lege Sur­vival in the South­west 101 entry. I myself have spent time in and trav­el­ing through Juárez. Every trip to the U.S. when I was a lit­tle girl required haz­ard­ing the crazy traf­fic, and I went to sum­mer camp at Vino Nuevo Church when I was fif­teen. My fam­ily has long-standing rela­tion­ship ties there, and its sig­nif­i­cance as a land­mark on the bor­der is long-established.

Yet, this ini­tial link between name and city has hid­den in its folds one of the gems of Mex­i­can his­tory. Indeed, Cd. Juárez, along with dozens of other cities through­out Mex­ico, is named after one of the country’s most hon­ored lead­ers, Ben­ito Juárez. He was a states­man and a pres­i­dent, famous for his staunch defense of human rights and his per­se­ver­ance in the face of many adver­saries and ide­o­log­i­cal oppo­nents.

Ben­ito Juárez rose from indige­nous poverty to the zenith of the Mex­i­can polit­i­cal sys­tem in his life. A Zapotec orphaned by age three, he struck out from his home in the vil­lage of San Pablo Gue­latao in the state of Oax­aca at age 12 to ful­fill what at the time was a vague yearn­ing for greater learner and what later would become a legacy. Involved in a polit­i­cal sys­tem that expe­ri­enced a tumul­tuous 19th cen­tury, his career stretched from defend­ing land­hold­ing rights for indige­nous peo­ples as a lawyer at the local and state lev­els begin­ning in 1834 to fed­eral judge posi­tion (1842), gov­er­nor of Oax­aca (1846–1852) and even­tu­ally as the leader of the Mex­i­can nation from 1858 to 1872, the year he died.

While in each of these posi­tions he cham­pi­oned and was the voice for the peo­ple in rural areas. He was respon­si­ble for strip­ping the Catholic Church of its exten­sive land hold­ings, build­ing roads and cre­at­ing schools. He worked in offi­cial capac­i­ties under both Con­ser­v­a­tive and Lib­eral admin­is­tra­tions, turned down posi­tions offered to him as Mex­ico faced the threat of becom­ing part of the French Empire between 1864 and 1867 (more about this on the Cinco de Mayo edi­tion of Tales from the Old Coun­try), and expelled an emis­sary sent by the Con­fed­er­acy in 1861, since sup­port­ing an entity that kept almost half of its pop­u­la­tion in bondage directly con­tra­dicted his phi­los­o­phy and work. He estab­lished reforms and a con­sti­tu­tion that guar­an­teed rights of free speech and press, among oth­ers.

Like any per­son, much less a national leader, his ide­o­log­i­cal stance was com­pli­cated and has since been heav­ily scru­ti­nized. Some his­to­ri­ans con­demn him of abus­ing exec­u­tive power by remain­ing pres­i­dent for nearly twenty years. How­ever, his ded­i­ca­tion can be under­stood as a reac­tion to the many lead­ers, includ­ing Por­firio Díaz and Anto­nio López de Santa Anna, whose ideas of Mex­ico were less demo­c­ra­tic and more dic­ta­to­r­ial. He has been rec­og­nized across the Amer­i­cas and across the world as a cham­pion for causes that res­onate across ethic and national bound­aries. His rela­tion­ship with the U.S. was multi-faceted, as he spent time in New Orleans as an exile under Santa Anna’s rule.

Over­all, he was a man of intel­li­gence and fore­sight, with staunch beliefs by which he stood and acted. It is impos­si­ble to unravel him from the mod­ern incar­na­tion of Mex­ico, which owes him many advance­ments and land­mark turns for the bet­ter. An exam­ple of the deter­mined human spirit, he per­se­vered and returned to his bat­tles, even where oth­ers might have called it quits. A legacy deserv­ing of the honor to have streets and cities named after him. Some which might do well to look to his life for inspi­ra­tion and direc­tion.

Ref­er­ences and fur­ther read­ing:
http://www.elbalero.gob.mx/kids/history/html/sxix/biojuarez.html
http://www.mexonline.com/benitojuarez.htm
http://www.notablebiographies.com/Jo-Ki/Ju-rez-Benito.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benito_Juarez

Señorita Ruth on: English Only Pt. 2

Are They Talk­ing About Me?
What are the ide­o­log­i­cal impli­ca­tions of choos­ing an offi­cial lan­guage? What kind of under­ly­ing belief sys­tem does it betray? A major marker of cul­ture and iden­tity, lan­guage sep­a­rates worlds of expe­ri­ence. And when it’s not your own, it’s often uncom­fort­able to have to deal with. Basic ques­tions that seem both ludi­crous and star­tlingly wor­ri­some express thoughts and assump­tions that begin to sur­face along the lines of “Are they talk­ing about me?” This may appear para­noid and self-centered, but is also a reflec­tion of the lin­guis­tic iso­la­tion mono­lin­gual Amer­i­can Eng­lish speak­ers expe­ri­ence on a daily basis. The unique geo­graph­i­cal posi­tion, along with the desires of the founders of the coun­try, have com­bined to cre­ate an insu­lar envi­ron­ment for Eng­lish, much more so than in other parts of the world. In addi­tion, Amer­i­can cit­i­zens speak one of the world’s most influ­en­tial lan­guages, afford­ing them lit­tle moti­va­tion to learn a sec­ond lan­guage beyond the cur­sory high school or col­lege cur­ricu­lum expe­ri­ence. As any bilin­gual speaker will tell you, that’s not really speak­ing two lan­guages at all.

So we have a nat­u­rally pro­tected envi­ron­ment for “one nation, one lan­guage” to func­tion as the ide­o­log­i­cal as well as the policy-based modus operandi. Our fore­fa­thers did not feel it was the role of gov­ern­ment to dic­tate to the peo­ple what lan­guages they should speak. Fur­ther­more, it was not uncom­mon in the early days of this coun­try, as it is now, for legal doc­u­ments, pam­phlets, and other offi­cial or quasi-official com­mu­ni­ca­tions to be pub­lished in the myr­iad of lan­guages that rep­re­sent our multi-cultural roots. Span­ish, Ger­man, French, and Dutch are a few of the first lan­guages immi­grants brought with them to add to the cul­tural and lin­guis­tic land­scape of a coun­try made up of trans­plants. From a healthy lin­guis­tic com­pe­ti­tion, Eng­lish emerged as the early win­ner, the lan­guage to bind speak­ers of many lan­guages together. To that effect, it is the de facto, con­ven­tional and fully accepted pri­mary lan­guage.

Nested within our overtly anglo­phonic cul­ture we have a long-standing tra­di­tion of multi-lingualism. Ves­tiges of true bilin­gual­ism exist in our efforts to expose chil­dren at every level of edu­ca­tion to other West­ern Euro­pean lan­guages. Even in the face of this tra­di­tion and ide­o­log­i­cal moti­va­tions behind cre­at­ing a coun­try with­out an offi­cial lan­guage, how­ever, there is a voice that in the form of leg­is­la­tion has asked both fed­eral and state-level gov­ern­ments to adopt Eng­lish as the offi­cial lan­guage of the United States. The cur­rent efforts by orga­ni­za­tions such as U.S. Eng­lish would see Eng­lish adopted as the offi­cial lan­guage, and in such a capac­ity dis­place lan­guages spo­ken in fam­i­lies and minor­ity com­mu­ni­ties more than ever before.

What has Eng­lish done for you?
Regard­less of its (lack of) offi­cial sta­tus, Eng­lish is the lan­guage of the peo­ple. Over­whelm­ingly used as the pri­mary lan­guage in all walks of life, Eng­lish is trans­mit­ted suc­cess­fully to the kids of every gen­er­a­tion, and of every cul­tural back­ground. The Amer­i­can pub­lic school sys­tems guar­an­tee trans­mis­sion by using Eng­lish both in the class­room and in the play­ground. It’s the lan­guage of for­mal edu­ca­tion as well as of infor­mal com­mu­ni­ca­tion. It’s present in every form of media, and is highly sought as a sec­ond lan­guage around the world and by non-native speak­ers in the U.S. Stud­ies show that even those with no for­mal sec­ond lan­guage edu­ca­tion, sim­ply by being immersed in the cul­ture, acquire a func­tional grasp of the lan­guage. Its far-reaching global sta­tus is rec­og­nized in Africa as well as Europe and Asia. It’s very appar­ent to the world that speak­ing Eng­lish is asso­ci­ated with socioe­co­nomic oppor­tu­ni­ties not avail­able in many people’s first lan­guage, there­fore it is desired. Most impor­tant to real­ize is that, even if not every per­son speaks Eng­lish in the U.S., those person’s chil­dren will. Remov­ing the abil­ity of non-fluent cit­i­zens and vis­i­tors the abil­ity to inter­act with the gov­ern­ment and within their own com­mu­ni­ties by enforc­ing Eng­lish Only doesn’t change the actu­al­i­ties of lan­guage use: Peo­ple have dif­fer­ent capac­i­ties to learn and retain a sec­ond lan­guage, but as long as that lan­guage is being taught as a first lan­guage, the sta­tus quo is nat­u­rally main­tained by the major­ity lan­guage.

English Only pol­icy seeks to reaf­firm a sta­tus that it has no right to either cre­ate or uphold. A lan­guage becomes widely used and influ­en­tial through use. Award­ing it a legal sta­tus changes lit­tle in the way it prop­a­gates through the greater cul­ture and soci­ety. Edu­ca­tion, the media, and the vari­ety of social exchanges that occur in Eng­lish are respon­si­ble for Eng­lish being the major­ity lan­guage. When under­stood in this light, the Eng­lish Only move­ment is hol­low and mean­ing­less, a mis­placed effort that could and should be used to attend to other, more press­ing mat­ters regard­ing the sta­tus of lan­guage and lan­guages in this coun­try.

Further­more, there are the ram­i­fi­ca­tions of legal­iz­ing a human cog­ni­tive facil­ity. Like many other efforts in the past to reg­u­late human behav­ior and cat­e­go­rize peo­ple accord­ing to eth­nic or genetic mark­ers, this effort will only work to strengthen the bound­aries of an arti­fice upon our cul­ture that we would do bet­ter with­out. Giv­ing Eng­lish legal sta­tus directly works against the social mech­a­nisms we have in place by which to iden­tify our­selves and each other. Gov­ern­ing people’s spo­ken lives will incur costs both finan­cial and cul­tural that we should not be pre­pared to shoul­der, and will doom yet another gen­er­a­tion to a pur­ga­tory of self-identity as the same words echo as have in the past: “I don’t know my mother tongue.” We as a soci­ety are still deal­ing with the after-effects of the Native Amer­i­cans who for­sook Navajo and other lan­guages after suf­fer­ing through board­ing schools and the rural ele­men­tary school chil­dren who suf­fered phys­i­cal pun­ish­ment for speak­ing Span­ish in the class­rooms of old Texas and the South­west. These peo­ple kept their own chil­dren from learn­ing their mother tongue to the detri­ment of their fam­ily and cul­tural iden­tity, and encour­aged them to only speak Eng­lish. The fal­lacy in these efforts is that the chil­dren of immi­grants become so quickly accul­tur­ated that any overt effort to do so by pre­vent­ing the learn­ing of another lan­guage is redun­dant and effec­tively irrel­e­vant. It should be the ideal of a pro­gres­sive, diverse soci­ety to encour­age a healthy lin­guis­tic home envi­ron­ment. Bilin­gual­ism should not have a neg­a­tive value when it comes to cit­i­zen­ship, par­tic­i­pa­tion and inte­gra­tion within the greater soci­ety.

English Only poli­cies will cast a reign of shad­ows over minor­ity lan­guage speak­ers. Legal immi­grants and Native Amer­i­cans alike who use the same ser­vices and inter­act with the same gov­ern­ment as native Eng­lish speak­ers stand to lose oppor­tu­ni­ties in offi­cial capac­i­ties. The time, effort, and money it takes to trans­late offi­cial U.S. doc­u­ments into other lan­guages has always been devoted to the same task since the 1700s, and in no way eclipses other gov­ern­ment spend­ing fig­ures which may or may not be as sig­nif­i­cant. Beyond the bureau­cratic con­se­quences, by accept­ing this pol­icy the coun­try runs the threat of expe­dit­ing the rate at which some lan­guages become extinct.

Ethics and Progress
Beyond the ques­tions of legal­ity, which on their own are sub­stan­tial, we also deal with the more abstract but just as cru­cial con­cepts that influ­enced the orig­i­nal deci­sion to do with­out an offi­cial lan­guage. It’s been pointed out that the fore­fa­thers couldn’t have pre­dicted how many lan­guages we have to deal with. Yet I won­der how sym­pa­thetic they would be to our plight if they com­pared their tech­nol­ogy to ours. We ben­e­fit from dig­i­tal media that have brought the world closer together, stan­dard­iz­ing and mak­ing avail­able more lan­guages to more peo­ple. It would stand to rea­son that we uti­lize these advan­tages to ben­e­fit all. How­ever, even these flimsy argu­ments side­step the under­ly­ing sen­ti­ment that dri­ves pol­icy efforts such a Eng­lish Only. Claim­ing patri­o­tism, these efforts eclipse more fun­da­men­tal mem­ber­ships that we should also feel a strong respon­si­bil­ity toward: Amer­i­can multi-cultural and multi-lingual cul­ture, and the human race, wherein every­one has an equal right to speak the lan­guage they were taught to express them­selves in.

Señorita Ruth on: English Only Pt. 1

Nations & Lan­guage
It’s easy to trace and under­stand the con­nec­tion between the ideas of “one nation” and “one lan­guage.” These sim­ple asso­ci­a­tions have out­lined the lan­guage poli­cies of west­ern Euro­pean coun­tries from the mid­dle of the 19th cen­tury for­ward. Even before that, con­quer­ing pow­ers have under­stood the fun­da­men­tal need to estab­lish a com­mon tongue amongst the newly con­quered, often wildly dif­fer­ent peo­ples they con­trolled. While effec­tive in build­ing a nation, these poli­cies have also neg­a­tively affected count­less lan­guages and cul­tures across the world. It’s true that the moti­va­tions for the expan­sion of any given nation or empire are usu­ally money, trade, and com­merce. How­ever, the under­ly­ing struc­ture of such endeav­ors is lan­guage. In order to suc­cess­fully inter­act with other cul­tures, even in the role of con­quer­ing or col­o­niz­ing power, the lan­guage “issue” must be addressed.

It would be dif­fi­cult to enu­mer­ate all the instances of lan­guages being aban­doned, by either will or force, for another as a result of cul­tural and social pres­sure. How­ever, I don’t have to stray far from the South­west to find evi­dence of mul­ti­ple efforts through­out his­tory to estab­lish, through force, the use of the Euro­pean lan­guage of power. First it was Span­ish, and then it was Eng­lish. The first estab­lished a trans-continental iden­tity for a large num­ber of inhab­i­tants of the Amer­i­cas, and the sec­ond rede­fined that iden­tity as polit­i­cal bor­ders changed and nations exchanged land for peace. As an exam­ple, New Mex­ico has belonged to the Span­ish Empire, the Mex­i­can nation, and of course the United States.

In this his­tory, we have instances of Native Amer­i­cans being force­fully accul­tur­ated into both Span­ish and Eng­lish speak­ing roles. A direct result of this forced accul­tur­a­tion is the loss of Native Amer­i­can lan­guages. Across the coun­try and the Amer­i­cas, the sta­tus of native tongues is dire as they are con­stantly decreas­ing in usage. This sit­u­a­tion is detri­men­tal to those that study the world’s lan­guages, but is more imme­di­ately a blow to the cul­tural and self-identity of the speak­ers. The puni­tive nature of forced accul­tur­a­tion becomes a deter­rent when peo­ple that have suf­fered pun­ish­ment are unwill­ing to pass on a minor­ity tongue to their chil­dren for fear of sim­i­lar reper­cus­sions on them.

Native Amer­i­cans were intro­duced to Span­ish in the 1600s, and it’s effected a notable dif­fer­ence in their respec­tive lan­guages from that time for­ward. Resis­tance to learn Span­ish helped pre­serve Navajo, Apache, the Pueblo lan­guages and oth­ers for 400 years. Yet it was impos­si­ble to suc­cess­fully fend off the Span­ish and later Eng­lish lan­guage influ­ences. There exist records, as they do all across the Amer­i­cas, of priests and other work­ers col­lect­ing the words and mean­ings of these unfa­mil­iar, rad­i­cally dif­fer­ent lan­guages. These records are invalu­able as lin­guists try to piece together lan­guages that are no longer fully real­ized in con­ver­sa­tion. Words and mean­ing have been lost beneath the wheels of progress in the major­ity lan­guage of the day, and even­tu­ally cen­tury.

Currently, in the same geo­graph­i­cal area, Eng­lish plays that role, sur­round­ing com­mu­ni­ties that speak Native Amer­i­can lan­guages, as well as Span­ish, Viet­namese, and other immi­grant lan­guages. What are the effects of hav­ing Eng­lish as a non-official major­ity lan­guage sur­round­ing Native Amer­i­can lan­guages that are on the decline in speak­ers? What are the effects of hav­ing lin­guis­tic and cul­tural con­tact with other major lan­guages of the world where Eng­lish is the major­ity and Span­ish, Hindi, Farsi, Ger­man or Korean are the minor­ity? These inter­ac­tions breed con­ster­na­tion and worry in some, inter­est and research ques­tions in lin­guists. For the sake of both, these issues must be addressed.

While the U.S. has never had an offi­cial lan­guage, a rar­ity in the day and age of the mod­ern nation-state, the ques­tion whether to adopt Eng­lish as the offi­cial lan­guage seems to remain uneasily unanswered.

Señorita Ruth on: Claiming digital frontiers

This blog post is to offi­cially claim my space on Tech­no­rati. This means I must copy and paste this:

Tech­no­rati Profile

and be done with it. So, here it is. Now I’m offi­cially part of the Technorati.

Category: Uncategorized  Tags:  2 Comments

Linking and living

Well, it’s Fri­day and things are quiet in the archives. Not because I don’t have any­thing to do, but because I don’t have that much to do, I’ve started my links page. Go check it out!

What are your favorite websites?

I’m gen­er­ally not a big forum per­son, but I’m def­i­nitely a fan of Twit­ter, Flickr, and This­Next. In fact, I free­lance for the last one.

I’d go on and on about how I love to waste time on the inter­net, but I’ve already wasted all my time and now it’s time for class.

Check back later today for the first in a two part series on Eng­lish Only poli­cies in the U.S.

I hope every­one is hav­ing a beau­ti­ful sunny day today!

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